TL;DR
Quoi : Outils en ligne de commande pour naviguer et gérer les systèmes Linux/Unix.
Pourquoi : Automatisation, gestion de serveurs distants et productivité des développeurs.
Quick Start
Navigation :
pwd # Print working directory
ls # List files
ls -la # List all files with details
cd /path/to/dir # Change directory
cd .. # Go up one level
cd ~ # Go to home directory
Opérations sur les fichiers :
cat file.txt # Display file content
less file.txt # View file with pagination
head -n 10 file # First 10 lines
tail -n 10 file # Last 10 lines
tail -f log.txt # Follow file changes
cp source dest # Copy file
mv source dest # Move/rename file
rm file # Remove file
rm -rf dir # Remove directory (careful!)
mkdir dirname # Create directory
touch file.txt # Create empty file
Cheatsheet
| Commande | Description |
|---|---|
grep pattern file | Rechercher du texte dans un fichier |
find . -name "*.js" | Trouver des fichiers par nom |
chmod 755 file | Modifier les permissions |
chown user:group file | Modifier le propriétaire |
ps aux | Lister les processus |
kill PID | Tuer un processus |
top / htop | Surveiller les processus |
df -h | Espace disque |
du -sh dir | Taille du répertoire |
tar -czf archive.tar.gz dir | Compresser |
tar -xzf archive.tar.gz | Extraire |
curl -O url | Télécharger un fichier |
wget url | Télécharger un fichier |
Gotchas
Permission denied
# Add sudo for admin operations
sudo command
# Or change permissions
chmod +x script.sh
Command not found
# Check if installed
which command
type command
# Install the package
apt install package # Debian/Ubuntu
yum install package # CentOS/RHEL
brew install package # macOS
Delete files safely
# Always double-check before rm -rf
ls target_dir # List first
rm -rf target_dir # Then delete
# Use trash instead
trash-put file # Install trash-cli first
Pipe and redirect
# Pipe output to another command
cat file.txt | grep "error"
# Redirect output to file
echo "hello" > file.txt # Overwrite
echo "hello" >> file.txt # Append
# Redirect errors
command 2>&1 | tee log.txt