GitHub Actions

TL;DR

Qué: Plataforma de CI/CD y automatización integrada en GitHub.

Por qué: Integración nativa con GitHub, gratis para repos públicos, marketplace de actions, builds matriciales.

Quick Start

Crea .github/workflows/ci.yml:

name: CI

on:
  push:
    branches: [main]
  pull_request:
    branches: [main]

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
          node-version: '20'
      - run: npm ci
      - run: npm test

Haz push para disparar el workflow.

Cheatsheet

Disparador	Sintaxis
Push	on: push
Pull request	on: pull_request
Programado	on: schedule: - cron: '0 0 * * *'
Manual	on: workflow_dispatch
Otro workflow	on: workflow_call

Gotchas

Matrix builds

jobs:
  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    strategy:
      matrix:
        node: [18, 20, 22]
        os: [ubuntu-latest, windows-latest]
    steps:
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
          node-version: ${{ matrix.node }}

Secrets and environment variables

jobs:
  deploy:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    env:
      NODE_ENV: production
    steps:
      - run: echo ${{ secrets.API_KEY }}
      - run: echo $NODE_ENV

Caching dependencies

- uses: actions/cache@v4
  with:
    path: ~/.npm
    key: ${{ runner.os }}-node-${{ hashFiles('**/package-lock.json') }}

Conditional steps

- name: Deploy
  if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
  run: ./deploy.sh

Artifacts

- uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
  with:
    name: build
    path: dist/

Next Steps

• Documentación de GitHub Actions - Docs oficiales
• Marketplace de Actions - Actions pre-construidas
• Sintaxis de Workflow - Referencia
• Patrones de GitHub Actions - Ejemplos